The Twins Early Development Study aims to explore and gain greater understanding of how nature and nurture, our genes and our environment, influence learning abilities, cognitive abilities, and behaviour. In addition, the TEDS looks at how these abilities and behaviours relate to one another and change over time. The hope is that this research and the knowledge gained through it will go on to help us understand better the complexities of child and adolescent development and to inform and enable parents, teachers, policy makers and the general public to better manage and help with some of the challenges individuals face as they grow up.