The Hertfordshire Cohort Study (HCS) is a unique longitudinal study involving 3,000 men and women born between 1931 and 1939 in Hertfordshire, UK. Conducted by the MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit at the University of Southampton, the study aims to investigate the impact of early life growth, genetic factors, and adult lifestyle on the risk of developing age-related diseases such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The study utilizes historical birth and infant data, including birth weight, weight at age one, infant feeding methods, and childhood illnesses, which were recorded by healthcare professionals at the time. Participants have been followed up with comprehensive assessments of their medical and social histories, physical measurements, blood pressure, glucose tolerance, cholesterol levels, bone density, and physical performance. DNA samples have been collected from all participants for genetic analysis. The HCS provides valuable insights into how early life factors influence health outcomes in later life, contributing to the understanding of the developmental origins of health and disease. The continuous tracking of participants through the NHS Central Register allows for ongoing data collection and analysis, enhancing the study's ability to inform public health strategies and interventions.

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