Since the spring of 1991, the CSPP has been involved in more than 100 nationwide sample surveys in post-Communist countries. Each round of surveys asks a common core of questions, a unique source for monitoring trends within nations, and comparisons across nations. All research questions and analyses are undertaken independently of government. The New Russia Barometer Surveys (NRB) comprise one series within the CSPP surveys. They have been conducted annually since 1992, and consist of interviews with a stratified representative nationwide sample of Russian adults. The interviews last approximately one hour, and collect information about political, economic and social attitudes and behaviour. Further information is available on the CSPP New Russia Barometer webpages. The New Russia Barometer XV, April 2007 is the fifteenth study in the series. The survey inventoried the state of Russian public opinion as Vladimir Putin's second term as president approached its limit. The questionnaire incorporates trend indicators asked in NRB surveys for more than a decade, so the statements made about political, economic and social conditions in 2007 can be compared with replies in eight previous NRB surveys undertaken since Putin became President. New Russia Barometer XVI, December 2007 was conducted immediately after the election and is available under SN 6442. Further information about both studies is available from the ESRC award web page. The questionnaire covered the following topics:economypublic affairsfairnessRussia and the worldvalues health and personal security social conditions