The Gansu Survey of Children and Families (GSCF) is a longitudinal study of poverty, education, health, and economic mobility among children and youth in Gansu, rural northwest China. The initial wave of the study (GSCF-1) interviewed 2000 children at ages 9 to 12 in the year 2000; re-interviews were conducted in 2004, 2007, and 2009. (At present the UK Data Archive only holds data from Wave 1.) The project addresses the following questions:What are the impacts of childhood nutrition and health on subsequent education? What are the impacts of childhood nutrition and health on psychological well-being?What is the correlation between psychological well-being and education outcomes, and how does the evolution of behavioral and psychological problems over time vary by family, school and community characteristics?What are the impacts of childhood nutrition and health on the decision to stay in school or enter the workforce?How do education outcomes, including specific cognitive skills, affect the labour force productivity of young adults?What are the impacts of childhood nutrition and health on the labour productivity of young adults?Users should note that much of the current documentation is Chinese with no English translation. Further information may be found on the University of Pennsylvania Gansu Survey of Children and Families website. Rural children's welfare outcomes, including education, health, and psycho-social development.