The purpose of the Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) Survey is to provide estimates of businesses' expenditure and employment relating to research and development (R&D) performed in the UK. It uniquely provides information on expenditure on R&D performed by UK businesses, the source of funding for this R&D work, and the employment of people working on R&D. The survey is conducted to provide estimates of overall R&D in the UK business sector, and to allow comparisons of the UK results with other countries. The estimates are used by major policymakers in the UK and in the EU and are used in EU aggregates. They are perceived as an important determinant of economic growth. This dataset is for England, Wales and Scotland only, Northern Ireland data can be accessed via the separate BERD - NI entry. Please see BERD methodology changes file in Assets tab for Data Owner notes on methodology changes affecting 2018-2021 data